> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://whitepaper.integralayer.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://whitepaper.integralayer.com/core-native-dapps/token-issuance-framework.md).

# Token Issuance Framework

The Asset Issuance Framework standardises how real estate assets and related financial instruments are created and represented on Integra. It provides a set of issuance patterns and reference contracts that issuers can adopt while preserving flexibility for different legal structures and jurisdictions.

Issuers begin by defining an issuance profile that specifies:

* The legal wrapper (for example, SPV, fund, trust, or direct title-linked structure where permitted)
* The governing jurisdiction and applicable regulatory regime
* Investor eligibility criteria and distribution channels
* Rights associated with the token (economic rights, voting rights, governance mechanisms)
* Transfer restrictions, lock-up conditions, and redemption rules

Based on this profile, the framework instantiates audited reference contracts that integrate with the Compliance Layer, Identity Layer, and Asset Passport. Primary issuance can follow fully on-chain subscription flows, hybrid flows where agreements are executed off-chain and allocations recorded on-chain, or institutional workflows coordinated by intermediaries.

Lifecycle management is handled through standardised operations for updating disclosure documents, processing corporate actions (such as splits, consolidations, and buy-backs), adjusting distribution schedules, and performing redemptions or wind-downs where legally required. All significant lifecycle events are recorded in the corresponding Asset Passport, ensuring a consistent audit trail that links on-chain token state to off-chain legal and operational realities.